How a Biomass Boiler Works

How a Biomass Boiler Works

A biomass boiler is a good solution for turning waste products into useful energy. A biomass boiler for straw is just one of the types of installation that we produce, develop, and install. If you would like to know how a biomass boiler works, you can read on.

We will briefly outline how a specific type of boiler from Linka Energy works. However, before we get to that section, there are some important matters that are crucial to consider. Before the biomass boiler is installed, there are some practical things that are preconditions for making the installation function optimally.

Konsulent halmfyr

Lars Visgaard Jørgensen

Project sales, business development and installation manager

See test certificates

Before the biomass boiler is chosen and installed

How the biomass boiler works depends on which type you choose. At Linka we have three different kinds of biomass boilers for straw and other biomaterials. The three types are mobile boiler systems, steam installations, and heating plants. Our products are optimal for district heating plants and other energy-producing companies as well as estates and industrial companies that need installations of a certain size. Private individuals can probably have a biomass boiler for straw etc. at home, but a boiler system like that will have a smaller output as well as take up less space and have a smaller capacity.

When looking at our three different types of biomass boiler systems, a common feature is that they have an efficiency level of up to 95.9 %. The three types of boilers vary in terms of size, as they are available in 250 to 5,000 kilowatts, 400 to 15,000 kilowatts and 1,000 to 15,000 kilowatts. Each of the types can be customized and scaled up or down, so they fit somewhere in those intervals.

Before the biomass boiler is chosen and installed, it is also important to think about how much space it takes up, and where it can be placed. Furthermore, there need to be sources for power and water, so the boiler system can be installed without problems.

How does a mobile biomass boiler from Linka Energy works

As Linka’s biomass boilers are suitable for bigger companies such as district heating plants, industrial companies, and bigger farms/estates, we focus on how biomass boilers of a significant size work. As an example, we have chosen a mobile biomass boiler (for e.g. straw), that ranges in size from 250 to 5,000 kilowatts.

A biomass boiler like that is ready to be used, and it is delivered in a container, which is either standardized or customized. Next to the container, the additional parts of the boiler system are placed. These parts include straw cutter, ash container, and chimney.

How does our mobile biomass boiler work? It works by having straw or other biomaterials enter the installation. The biomaterial is burned in the boiler, which is often intended for water with an operating pressure of 4 bars. Inside the boiler, turbulence is created by supplied air. This causes the biomaterial to burn more effectively, and the gasses created in the process are burned completely.

The heat from the burning process creates heated air/smoke, and this energy can be stored by transferring it to water or steam, and it can be used by e.g. district heating plants.

Dust is led out of the system, but as it is most often filtered, the amount of dust is decreased significantly. When the straw (or other biomaterial) has been burned in the boiler (which is either with 3 or 5 passes), only a bit of ash remains. The ash is transported out of the system and is collected in a container, which can easily be emptied.

Plants with a big energy output

Our various biomass boilers have a big energy output, as straw (and other biomaterials) provide a big calorific value. Straw is also cheap to get, and there isn’t a shortage of it (contrary to other types of fuel).

The system transforms biofuel to energy via the process that takes place inside the plant. The primary driving force in this process is the boiler (or boilers). The plant produces energy, heat, smoke, and ash, and the heated air plays a big part in the further process with heating, burning, and turbulence, and this makes the process even more efficient.

At an affordable price you get inexpensive heating, and our mobile plants are e.g. installed at the following companies: Aneby AMAQ (Sweden) and Lahaugmoen Næringspark (Norway). Our other systems (steam plants and heating plants for straw etc.) have been installed at companies such as Yester Farm Dairies (Scotland), Tine Meieriet Elnesvågen (Norway), Boulstrup-Hou Kraftvarmeværk (Denmark) and Hjallerup Fjernvarme (Denmark).

For example, Hjallerup Fjernvarme got a plant of 3,000 kilowatts installed, and it is their primary source of heating for seven months a year, when solar energy isn’t enough. With a system from Linka, companies such as Hjallerup Fjernvarme contribute to decreasing the environmental impact, and it is also a cheaper solution for their consumers.

Biomass boiler maintenance

If you buy a biomass boiler from Linka, we will help you install it, and we will also provide consultancy regarding biomass boiler maintenance. Our plants are automatic and they only need maintenance now and then.

Some of the maintenance you can do yourself, but if you need service for your plant or extensive biomass boiler maintenance, you are welcome to contact us. You can read more about maintenance and service of biomass boilers (for straw and other biomaterials) here on our site.

See our straw boilers/plants here:

Halmananlage 250 - 5000 kw

Linka's fully automatic straw choppers are supplied with a straw chopper and conveyor, which can be adapted to the size of the boiler and the customer's wishes and needs.

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Straw: 250 - 15.000 kW

Linka's fully automatic straw choppers are supplied with a straw chopper and conveyor, which can be adapted to the size of the boiler and the customer's wishes and needs.

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Straw heating plant: 1000 - 15.000 kW

Linka's chipping plant consists of a scraper system, which ensures that the plant is constantly supplied with the right amount of wood chips.

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Halmananlage 400 - 15000 kw

A wood chip heating plant is also built according to the customer's needs. Smaller plants typically use a scraper, while larger plants may opt for a chip crane.

Read more

Other types and sizes

Linka can also adapt our plants to other fuel types than the traditional ones, such as seed grass, corn cobs and cherry stones.

Read more

Straw fires and sustainability

Straw fires and sustainability

As the focus on climate, green energy and energy efficiency grows, more and more people in the energy sector, industry and agriculture are gradually converting their combustion plants to burn biomass instead of fossil fuels. There are even examples of companies that have switched from burning wood pellets to straw instead.

The fact that it is better to burn straw instead of oil or coal is a clear advantage, but it is also an advantage to have a biofuel plant that can burn straw instead of wood pellets or other products that we in Denmark have less control over where they come from. Wood pellets can come from far away, which means there is less control over whether the pellets contain more than just wood.

For example, it’s not good if the wood pellets are made of painted or impregnated wood. In contrast, straw often comes from Danish agriculture and therefore has to be transported a shorter distance, and due to agricultural regulation, there is greater control over what can be in the straw.

If you choose a straw boiler over systems designed to burn fossil fuels, you are choosing sustainability, climate and economy.

Konsulent halmfyr

Lars Visgaard Jørgensen

Business development & Installation manager

See test certificates

Choose biomass burning instead of fossil fuels

The fact that something is called biofuel means that it is a biological material that is primarily found above the earth’s surface. Biomass can include straw, wood chips, wood pellets, waste wood, grain millings, wood shavings/sawdust, elephant grass, seed grass, olive stones, cherry stones, coffee grounds and seed grass.

Fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas are materials that come from dead animals and plants. This makes fossil fuels difficult to get more of when the supply is depleted. In contrast, many biofuels are considered to be sources of renewable energy. However, they are not renewable like solar and wind energy, as they are, after all, finite in their current form.

A smaller carbon footprint with green energy

When you burn biomass (which is often just waste products) instead of fossil fuels, you reduce pollution and also reduce the demand for fossil fuels. In addition, burning straw, for example, often results in a lower price for both you and your customers.

To a large extent, pollution is about CO2 emissions, and some of the worst fuels in this regard are fossil fuels. This is because they contain carbon dioxide, which is released when the material is burned.

However, CO2 is necessary for everything to work. Humans exhale oxygen, which contains 4% CO2, and the CO2 (also known as carbon dioxide) is absorbed by plants. Plants release oxygen, which is vital for humans. It’s a good balance between humans, animals, plants and algae etc. and CO2 is not a bad thing in itself, but it is a problem when there is too much CO2 in the air. Increased CO2 causes global warming, among other things.

Many pros and few cons

There are many advantages to choosing a straw boiler over other types of burning. However, the advantage of our flare systems is that they can be customized to burn a variety of fuels in the boilers. This means you don’t have to burn only straw. For example, your system can burn wood pellets, wood waste, wood chips and grain millings. How many different fuels you can burn in your system depends on the number of boilers.

For example, if your business is located near a factory that produces olive oil or cherry juice or liqueur, it’s a good idea to have a boiler that can burn the stones from the olives/cherries.

The many benefits of our systems include

  • Long-lasting burning solution
  • Cheap fuel in the form of waste materials such as straw
  • Less CO2 emissions
  • Automated systems with minimal maintenance
  • Intelligent control and monitoring of the system
  • Competent and friendly service, support and advice
  • Possibility to expand the facility in the future

One of the only downsides to burning straw, for example, is that it produces dust/smoke particles that could potentially bother neighbors or employees at nearby businesses. If your system is of a certain size and if there are no other purification options, your system will probably need to be equipped with a cyclone.

Improved energy efficiency with Linka

If you’re ready to make the switch to green energy, write or call us today. Don’t hesitate to improve your energy efficiency. You can save both money and CO2 emissions, and if your customers rely on heating from your heating plant, they will appreciate the lower heating prices.

Read more about sustainable energy on this page.

See our straw boilers/plants here:

Straw: 250 - 5,000 kW

Linka's fully automated straw plant is delivered with straw shredder and conveyor, customized according to boiler size and the customer's needs.

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Straw: 250 - 15,000 kW

Linka's fully automated straw plant is delivered with straw shredder and conveyor, customized according to boiler size and the customer's needs.

Read more

Straw heating plant: 1,000 - 15,000 kW

Linka’s chips system consists of a scraper unit, which supplies a constant feed of the pre-set amount of wood chips.

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Straw heating plant: 400 - 15,000 kW

A wood chips based heating plant is also developed after the customer's needs, etc. Smaller systems usually consist of a scraper unit while larger plants use a crane.

Read more

Other fuel types and plant sizes

Linka can also adjust our systems for other fuel types than the conventional types, e.g. grass seed, straw briquettes, corncobs and cherry stones.

Read more

Sustainable combined heat and power plant for Egtved Varmeværk

Sustainable combined heat and power plant for Egtved Varmeværk

The citizens of Egtved can look forward to a greener and cheaper heat source in the future. Recently, for the first time in Linka’s history, negotiations and contracts were negotiated and signed 100% digitally. Linka, as mechanical contractor, will deliver a combined plant consisting of a 2 MW biomass plant and a 2.1 MW heat pump plant. “Both we and Egtved Varmeværk focus on the UN’s 7th world goal, which is about sustainable energy. Therefore, we are proud to announce that this plant will deliver 100%CO2 neutral heat” says Thomas Gaardbo, CEO at Linka Energy.

The investment in the new facility is the result of years of careful consideration of different solutions. The decision to install a biomass plant was made when it became clear that such a plant together with a heat pump is the best and most robust for the heating plant and at the same time the solution that gives consumers the greatest savings on heating costs.

The CHP plant can use wood chips and straw as primary fuels but also other biomass-based waste products such as grain and seed husks can be used. This ensures a high degree of fuel freedom and is crucial in terms of security of supply, compared to using only one type of fuel. At the same time, flexibility is ensured as the fuel can be purchased locally.

The idea for the project actually started as far back as 2009, but it was only in 2018 that the final go-ahead was given to find a new heating solution. “With the help of Dansk Fjernvarmes Projektselskab (DFP) we chose Linka Energy because with that choice we get a fuel flexibility not seen in any other plant” says Leif O. Rasmussen, Operations Manager at Egtved Varmeværk. Rasmussen, operations manager, Egtved Varmeværk.

In addition to the financial savings of about 3.000 DKK. annually per customer, the new biomass plant will result in an annual reduction ofCO2 emissions of approximately 14,000 tons. “It was important for us to get a future-proof heating plant with the highest possible environmental profile and not just a boiler to burn wood chips” says Anders Rønshof, chairman of Egtved Varmeværk.

Construction of the plant is expected to start in June 2020 and to be operational in early 2021.

The plant

The fully automated, state-of-the-art heating plant is designed to ensure stable operation with a focus on user-friendliness and a good working environment for operating personnel. Operating requirements are minimal and the system can even be monitored remotely, meaning that consumers are always guaranteed access to heat.

The biomass plant consists of a 2 MW Linka wood chip and straw boiler. Fuel handling is via an automatic overhead crane that feeds the straw table and a walking floor system that feeds the wood chips into the boiler.

The fuel is then fed by auger to the combustion chamber, where the fuel is burned efficiently and with the lowest possible emissions in accordance with current regulations.

The heat pump included in the system is a complete solution that can capture energy from outdoor air and water. It is designed so that high efficiency is achieved by heating in 3 stages, both at full load and at reduced load.

With the choice of a sustainable combination plant from Linka Energy, Egtved Varmeværk has future-proofed the heat production for the citizens of Egtved.

Photo: Vejle Municipality


Linka has been quality and environmental certified

Linka has been quality and environmental certified

Then we were officially certified according to ISO 9001 and 14001, demonstrating our commitment to ensuring high quality and reducing our negative environmental impact.

For over 40 years, we have been supplying quality biomass burning plants and we are continuously working to become even better at what we do. That is why we are proud that we now have a quality and environmental management system certified according to ISO standards 9001 and 14001.

The certification reflects our efforts to optimize internal work processes and management of subcontractors, so that we always deliver the best solution to the customer. At our site in Lem, we have launched a number of initiatives with a particular focus on recycling resources and thus reducing waste.

You can also read our quality and environmental policy here: Quality and Environmental Policy.


The AAA diploma has been awarded to Linka Energy A/S as of June 2025.

This company is one of 30,980 companies in Denmark that received the AAA diploma in 2025 for the highest credit rating based on Dun & Bradstreet’s credit assessment system.

Within the industry Manufacture of stoves, fireplaces, and heating equipment, the company is one of 9 companies with the same rating.

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